What is the typical management of traveler's diarrhea in moderate cases, and which organism commonly causes it?

• A. Hydration alone is sufficient
• B. Antibiotics are never indicated
• C. Hydration and antibiotics in moderate cases
• D. Prophylactic antibiotics are recommended for all travelers

Answer: (C)

In moderate traveler's diarrhea, the main approach is to prevent dehydration while shortening the illness with a short course of antibiotics. Rehydration with oral fluids and electrolytes is essential because diarrhea can quickly lead to fluid and electrolyte loss, especially when traveling. Adding antibiotics for moderate cases helps reduce the duration and the amount of stool, making it easier to maintain hydration and comfort. Prophylactic antibiotics for all travelers aren’t recommended due to risks of resistance and adverse effects, and relying on hydration alone misses the benefit of shortening illness in moderate cases. The organism that most commonly causes traveler's diarrhea is enterotoxigenic E. coli, which produces toxins that trigger watery diarrhea after ingestion of contaminated food or water, particularly in travelers to developing regions.