Which are the three components of the quick sepsis assessment (qSOFA), and how many criteria indicate a higher risk of poor outcome?

• A. Altered mentation (Glasgow <15), systolic BP ≤100 mmHg, and respiratory rate ≥22/min; two or more criteria indicate higher risk.
• B. Hypotension, tachypnea, and fever; two criteria indicate higher risk.
• C. Altered mental status, fever, hypoxemia; one criterion indicates higher risk.
• D. Fever, leukocytosis, tachycardia; three criteria indicate higher risk.

Answer: (A)

The question tests understanding of qSOFA, a quick bedside screen used to identify patients with suspected infection who are at higher risk of poor outcomes. It relies on three simple signs that reflect reduced organ perfusion or function: altered mentation (Glasgow Coma Scale < 15 or any change in mental status), systolic blood pressure ≤ 100 mmHg, and a respiratory rate ≥ 22 breaths per minute. Each present sign counts as one point, and having two or more points indicates a higher risk of poor outcome, prompting closer evaluation and possible escalation of care.

Only the combination of altered mental status, low systolic blood pressure, and elevated respiratory rate matches the qSOFA components, with two or more criteria signaling higher risk. The other options include signs not part of qSOFA, such as fever or leukocytosis, which do not define this quick bedside tool.